Pius X church as it is today was built by the Religious o fthe Sacred Heart as the chapel for St. Charles' Teacher Training College, founded in 1905
The church was originally dedicated to Madeleine Sophie Barat, foundress of the Society of the Sacred Heart, and she is commemorated in one of the stain glass windows in the church.
The first Mass was celebrated in the chapel on May 25th 1908.
In 1939 at the outbreak of the war, the College was evacuated to Cold Ash, Berkshire, where it stayed until the end of the war.
In 1946 it reuturned to London, but not to St Charles Square. The College was relocated to Roehampton where, to the present day, it retains its Catholic identity as a constitutive college of Roehampton University.
Today, on the site of the former college (and before it, the school was run by the Oblates of St Charles), stands St Charles Sixth Form College, Sion Manning School, St Charles Primary School, The Catholic Children's Society, Pius X Community Centre and St Pius X Church.
In 1937 the convent chapel became the church for the newly formed parish dedicated to St Madeleine Sophie Barat. In 1939 the parish moved to temporary buildings on the site of the Catholic Children's Society and in 1948 returned to the former college chapel.
In 1955, the church and parish was rededicated to Pius X by Cardinal Griffin.
